Polyurethane polymers based on isocyanurate salts

ABSTRACT

1. POLYMERIC COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING MIXTURES OF MOLECULES CONTAINING GROUPS HAVING THE STRUCTURE:   (-(OOC-NH)(M+2/2)-(2,4,6-TRI(O=),5-(X)-HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-   TRIAZIN-1,3-YLENE)M-(2,4,6-TRI(O=),5-X-HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-   TRIAZIN-1,3-YLENE)N-(R)(2M+N+1)-(NH-COO-R&#39;&#39;)(M+2/2))P   WHEREIN R=DIVALENT HYDROCARBON OR SUBSTITUTED HYDROCARBON RADICAL, CONTAINING 1 TO ABOUT 40 CARBON ATOMS, X=A METAL, OR HYDROGEN OR QUARTENARY AMMONIUM OR A COMBINATION THEREOF; R&#39;&#39;=DIVALENT HYDROCARBON OR SUBSTITUTED HYDROCARBON RADICAL, CONTAINING 1 TO ABOUT 40 CARBON ATOMS, M=NUMBER OF TRISUBSTITUTED ISOCYANURATE RINGS AND IS A POSITIVE INTEGER FROM 0 TO ABOUT 2000, N=NUMBER OF ISOCYANURIC ACID AND/OR ISOCYANUARATE SALT GROUPS AND IS POSITIVE INTEGER FROM 1 TO ABOUT 10,000, 2M+N+1=NUMBER OF DIVALENT R GROUPS AND IS A POSITIVE INTEGER FROM 2 TO ABOUT 14,000, P=THE NUMBER OF REPEATING UNITS (MERS)IN THE POLYMER; FOR INDIVIDUAL MOLECULARS P WILL BE AN INTEGER FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 2000, AND WHEREIN THERE ARE NO N-TO-N BONDS AND NO O-TO-N BONDS, NO O-TO-O BONDS, NO R-TO-R, R-TO-O AND R&#39;&#39;-TO-N BONDS.

Oct. 8, 1974 P. A. ARGABVRIGH'T FFM- 3,840,496

' PQLYURETHANE PoLYuERs BASED oN Isocur'mmlm'rl:'sAm's` Filed Nov. 4, 1971 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q@ Q@ Q@ com,

Fil. 2

-cH-cHrcH, cHg-cHz-qH cHz-cmcml cng-ufcufcmcn, V

Oct. 8, 1974 P. A. ARGABRIGHT ETN- 3,840,495

PLYURETHNE POLYMERS BASED ON ISOCYNURATE SALTS Filed Nov. 4, 1971 2 sheets-sheet n cHs Q. Q. @2%. @y M POLYMERICI CHE H (WHERE n MAY BE FRQM l 0 50) BICYCLIO:

Fig. ,3

Fig. 4

United States Patent O 3,840,496 POLYURETHANE POLYMERS BASED ON ISOCYANURATE SALTS Perry A. Argabright, Larkspur, and Brian L. Phillips and Larry M. Echelberger, Littleton, Colo., assignors to Marathon Oil Company, Findlay, Ohio Filed Nov. 4, 1971, Ser. No. 195,813 Int. Cl. C08g 2.2/00

U.S. Cl. 260--77.5 NC 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Polyelectrolyte polymers are prepared from a diisocyanate and a metal cyanate in the presence of an aprotic solvent followed by reaction with a diol. The polyelectrolytes contain isocyanurate rings, metal-substituted isocyanurate rings and CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS The following U.S. Patent applications relate to cornpounds and uses which are generally related to the present invention:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to the eld of isocyanurate-containing organic compounds generally classified Within Class 260, subclass 77.5 N C. of the United States Patent Office.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART The present invention is concerned with a new class of polymers. Prior art which might generally be considered relevant is: U.S. Pats. 2,536,849; 2,866,801; 2,866,802; 2,993,870, 3,108,100; 3,211,704; 3,249,607; 3,259,626; 3,458,448; and 3,573,259.

However, none of the above teaches polymers containing groups of the structure shown in FIG. 1, nor teaches the process for production of such polymers as disclosed in the present application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION General Statement of the Invention The present invention relates to a new class of polymers which are useful as Water thickening agents and emulsiers. These compounds are characterized by containing the structure shown in FIG. 1 of the present application; wherein:

R=divalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, as described below and exemplified in FIGS. 2 and 3,

X=a metal, or hydrogen or quaternary ammonium (which, for the purposes of this invention, acts like a metal) or a combination thereof. Particularly preferred are hydrogen, quaternary ammonium and metals select- ICC ed from the following groups of the Periodic Table; Ia, Ib, Ila, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, lVa, IVb, Va, Vb, Vla; including such metals as Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ag, Au, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Zn, Cd, Hg, B, Al, Sc, Y, La, and the other rare earths, Ac, Ga, In, Tl, Ti, Zr, Hf, Ge, Sn, Pb, V, Nb, Ta, Sb, Bi, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Ni, Rh, Pd, Os, and Ir;

R=divalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, as discussed below;

m=number of trisubstituted isocyanurate rings and is a positive integer preferably from 0 to about 2000, and most preferably from 1 to about 200;

n=number of isocyanuric acid and/or isocyanurate salt groups and is a positive integer from 1 to about 10,000, more preferably from 2 to about 1,000, and most preferably from 3 to about 200;

2m-l-n-|-1=number of divalent R groups and is a positive integer from 2 to about 14,000, more preferably from 5 to about 1,400 and most preferably from 6 to about 600;

p=the number of repeating units (mers) in the polymer.

For individual molecules p will be an integer from about 1 to about 2000, more preferably from about 1 to about 1000, and most preferably from 2 to about 200.

And wherein there are no N-to-N bonds, no O-to-N bonds, no O-to-O bonds, no Rto-O bonds, no R-to-R bonds, and no R'to-N bonds; R preferably contains 1 to 40, more preferably 2 to 30, and most preferably 2 to 18 carbon atoms; R preferably contains 1 to 40 carbon atoms, more preferably l to 20 carbon atoms and most preferably l to 10 carbons, for example:

-CHr- CH2- R and/or R can be substituted with groups that do not interfere in the products subsequent utility or in its preparation; examples of such non-interfering groups are: -NO2, Cl, F, Br, I, CN, -CO2R, -CO-R", O n, SRH NRZH CONRZH SOaRH SO2-, SO-, phenyl, naphthyl, alkyl (1-40 carbon atoms), cyclohexyl, cyclopropyl, -OCOR,

i -NCoR" etc.,

where R" can be lower alkyl (e.g., ethyl, hexyl) or aryl monovalent radicals. The examples of R and R (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) are set forth for purposes of elucidation, not restriction.

It will be recognized that the values of m, n, and p described above are on the basis of the integers which will be used to describe a single molecule. In actual practice, the invention will involve mixtures of molecules of the general form described above. Thus, the average value of m for the mixture can be from about l to about 1000, more preferably from about 2 to 500, and most preferably from about 3 to 200; the average value of n can be from about 1 to 5,000, more preferably from about 2.0 to 1,000, and most preferably from about 4 to 200; the value of p can be from about 1 to 1,000, more preferably from 1 to 500, and most preferably from 4 to 200.

UTILITY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a new class of polymers and their preparation. For example, the compounds of the present invention may be used as emulsifying agents, e.g., in producing emulsions of water and oils or other immiscible materials. The products are merely added to the other emulsion ingredients and the mixture vigorously agitated to produce the emulsion.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows the general formula of the products of the present invention.

FIGS. 2 and 3 exemplify some of the possible structures of R and R groups of the starting materials and products of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the general reaction formula of the present invention. For purposes of the reaction shown in this figure, X may not be a hydrogen atom, but may be any other of the species shown in its definition under General Statement of the Invention. A metal X in FIG. 1 may be converted to a hydrogen by acidifying the polymeric product.

DESCRIPTION `OF THE PPREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Starting Materials: Diisocyanates Organic diisocyanates having utility for the present invention are characterized by the following structural formula:

OCN-R--NCO` wherein R may be aryl such as:

@-- @ai WQQ.

m l o C1 Br or other non-interfering substituted derivatives or compatible mixtures thereof. R may also be alkyl or olenic. There are preferably from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and more preferably from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and most preferably 2 to 18 carbon atoms per R group. R may also be aralkyl such as or noninterfering substituted derivatives thereof. R may also be a compatible mixture of any of aryl, alkyl, and aralkyl. R is preferably aryl, aralkyl or a noninterfermg substituted derivative thereof, and the most preferred organic diisocyanate is 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate. Other examples of organic diisocyanates useful for this invention are: alkyl diisocyanates such as ethylene diisocyanate, trlmethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, 2-methyl1,3diisocyanato butane, 1,3-diisocyanatocyclopentane, hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene dusocyanate, and the like, or compatible mixtures thereof.

Metal Cyanates: Preferred metal cyanates are those of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, for example; Li, Na, K, Rb, Cc, Be, Mg, Ca, etc. as listed in the definition of X above.

@Op m Aprotic Solvents: The aprotic solvents having utility in this connection are characterized in that (1) they are liquid under the conditions of the reaction; (2) they have a high dielectric constant, i.e., greater than about 15 at 25 C.; (3) they preferably are dipolar, that is one part of the molecule has a more positive electrical charge relative to the other parts of the molecule thereby causing the molecule to act as a dipole; (4) they are suciently inert not to enter into deleterious side reactions to any appreciable extent under the conditions of the reaction; and (5) they do not possess hydrogen atoms capable of hydrogen bonding with or transferring to anions in solution in the reaction mixture. A mixture of solvents satisfying the foregoing criteria can be employed. Exemplary of solvents useful in carrying out the method are: alkyl pyrrolidones such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone-2 and N-ethylpyrrolidone- 2; sulfoxides exemplified by dimethylsulfoxide, and diethylsulfoxide; alkyl amides including N,Ndimethylform amide, N,Ndiethylformamide, N,Ndimethylacetamide and N,Ndiethylacetamide; alkylphosphoramides and arylphosphoramides such as hexamethylphosphoramide, hexaethylphosphorarnide, and hexaphenylphosphoramide; nitriles; examples of which are acetonitrile and benzonitrile; alkylureas such as tetramethylurea and tetraethylurea; and the like; and compatible mixtures thereof.

The quantity of solvent used is variable. From a practical standpoint, only so much of the solvent need be employed as is required to facilitate both maintenance of the desired temperature conditions and work-up of the end product. Generally speaking, the quantity of solvent used will range from about 0.5 to about 20', usually about 1 to about S, -liters per mole of organic diisocyanate employed.

Diols: The diol will have the general formula:

:where R is as discussed above. Mixtures of diols can be employed.

Mole Ratios: The preferred mole ratio of NCO groups to metal cyanate is from about 1 to about 10, more preferably from 1 to about 5, and most preferably from 1 to about 3. The preferred moles of free NCO in the SI product per mole of OH group in the diol is from about .1 to about 1.5, more preferably from 0.2 to about 1.2, and most preferably from 0.8 to about 1.1.

Temperature: While not narrowly critical, the temperature will preferably be in the range from about 0 to about 300 C., more preferably from about 20 to about 200 C., and most preferably from about 20 to about 125 C.

Pressure: The reaction will normally be conducted at atmospheric pressure, though elevated or reduced pressures may be utilized if desired because of special circumstances.

Time: The diol is preferably added more or less continuously over a moderately long time period. Preferably it is added over a period of from about 0.01 to hours, more preferably from 0.1 to 50 hours, and most preferably from about 1 to 10 hours. The diol addition should begin after substantial completion of the reaction between the diisocyanate and the metal cyanate.

Generally, the diisocyanate-metal cyanate reaction is accomplished by adding the diisocyanate relatively slowly to a slurry of the metal cyanate in the reaction solvent. While the time for addition of the diisocyanate will vary depending upon the specific compounds being utilized, in general it will be in the range of fromv about 0.01 to about 100 hours, more preferably from 0.5 to about 50 hours, and most preferably from 0.3 to about 24 hours. Various modifications can be utilized for the addition of the starting materials and these will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

EXAMPLES Example I To a slurry of 20.6 g. (.25 mole) of KOCN in 500 ml. of dry dimethylformamide (DMF) at 75 C. is added 6 over 61 minutes, 0.25 mole of 2,4-tolylenediisocyanate It is an important feature of the present invention that (TDU- The reaetiOrl iS Carried Out ill a nitrogen atmOS- the gross reaction product of the diisocyanate-metal cyaphere. The mixture is stirred at 75 C. fOr 5 minutes nate reaction can be utilized without intermediate purificaafter Completion f the TDI addition arid an aliquot tion or isolation of any sort. As will be recognized, this faken Theil the additiOll Qf 2 mi- 0f ethyienegiyeoi iS 5 surprising ability to avoid purication contributes subbgun and fequu'es 146 munies-,After an addmonal, 15 stantially to the economy which is inherent in the procmmutes m1' of dry methanol 1s added to the reaction esses of the invention. Each of the examples exemplifies and a small amount is added to the sample withdrawn earlier The mixture is stirred at 75 C overnight The the use of gross reaction mixture. However, it should be understood that in specialized instances conventional puricooled reaction mixture is ltered, and the recovered insolubles are extracted with acetone in a Soxhlet apparaieatlOrl, techniques, eg iii'fra'floii, Washing With Organic tus for 2 days. The resulting solid (59.1 g.) is analyzed solvents, etc., can be employed so long as contact with by nuclear magnetie resonance (NMR) SPeeirOSeOPy and active hydrogen compounds is avoided. is found to contain no DMF and the mole ratio what is claimed is;

2m|n+1/R' 15 1. Polymeric compositions comprising mixtures of is about 18. molecules containing groups having the structure:

l X o H [o \|=o O N\ o II I :I H 0 O C-N- mi ...N N- [-R-lzm+n+i[ Il :Ima i Y -N N -N-o-o-R- T There is no indication of residual isocyanate because wherein no -NH-CO-OCH3 groups are PreSerl in the NMR R=divalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radi- The small aliquot, removed prior to addition of ethcal, containing 1 to about 40 carbon atoms,

ylene glycol, is Worked up in a similar manner, and iS =a metal, or hydrogen or quartenary ammonium or a found to contain approximately eight (8) R groups for combination thereof; every end group -NH-CO-OCHa). R"=divalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, containing 1 to about 40 carbon atoms,

Example II m=number of trisubstituted isocyanurate rings and is a According to the method of Example I, an intermepositive integel frontoto about 2000, diete POiYeleetrOiYfe iS Prepared frOIIr 16-3 g NaCN n=number of isocyanuric acid and/or isocyanurate salt and 0.25 mole TDI. In this case, the intermediate prodgroups and is a positive integer from 1 to about 10,000,

uct is soluble in DMF. small sample is reserved, and 2 2m+n| 1=numbe1 of divalent R groups and is a positive ml. of ethylene glycol is added to the reaction mixture integerfrom2toabont14,000,

O Ver 30 mirlueS- A precipitate iS f ormed during fiiiS Pe' p=the number of repeating units (mers) in the polymer; rlod- The reaction 1S Surfed at 75 Cf for an addltloilai for individual molecules p will be an integer from about 65 rmnutes and 60 ml. of CH3OH 1s added. The reaction 1 to about 2000,

mixture is stirred overnight at room temperature. and wherein there are no N to N bonds and no O to N The precipitate is isolated by filtration and is extracted bonds no O to 0 bonds no R to R R to 0 and R, to N with acetone as in Example I. The product (59.5 g.) is bonds analyzed by NMR finding the mole ratio of 2. A process for the manufacture of polymers compris- 2m-l-n-l-l/R ing mixtures of molecules having the structure:

is about l0, and the mole ratio of aryl groups to said process comprising in sequence the steps of:

NH CO OCH (a) reacting OCN-R-NCO with XNCO in the presence 3 of an aprotic solvent to form an isocyanurate-congroups is approximately 8.8. taining compound having the structure:

The product from the small sample removed prior to addition of ethyleneglycol, is soluble in DMF. The prodl li uct is obtained by removal of the DMF After extraction /N\ N with acetone, it is analyzed by NMR, and the mole ratio 0*" I O o* \=0 of aryl group to -NH-CO-OCH3 groups is about 3.0. N N R-hmm Nooim Modifications of the Invention Y Y It should be understood that the invention is capable o m o of a variety of modifications and variations which will (b) reacting said isooyanurate-containing compound be made apparent to those skilled in the art by reading with HOROH in the presence of an aprotic solvent, of the specification and which are to be included within wherein the spirit of the claims appended hereto. R=divalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocar- 7 8 bon radical, containing 1 to about 40 carbon O 0 atfms ormoni, n-Nom soton; ofg-crrr.

X is selected from the group consisting of metals l l I or quaternary ammonium radicals, R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical or substituted hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to about 'i' 40 carbon atoms, wherein m is the number of trisubstituted isocyanurate rings per molecule and is a positive integer from zero 09s.. CNv No, ,Q 3 CHa to about 2000, lo l n is the number of isocyanurate salt groups and is .f

a positive integer from 1 to about 10,000, wherein 2m+ni1i=the number of divalent R groups and is a positive integer from 2 to about 14,000,

and wherein 15 crr=cm Poren, m

p=the number of repeating units (mers) in the CH:

polymer; for individual molecules p is an integer from about 1 to about 2000, wherein the aver- D age value of m for said mixture is from about 1 to about 1,000, the average value of n for said 20 mixture is from about 1 to about 5,000, and the CHI CH! average value of p for said mixture is from about 1 to about 1,000, wherein OCN-R-NCO CH@ @f is reacted with XNCO in the presence of the aprotic solvent to form a first reaction mixture 2r CH 0 1. i l compnsmg molecules having the structure.

and wherein said first reaction mixture without substantial purification, is thereafter contacted with 35 HOR'OH to form a second product mixture, said O second product mixture comprising groups having O the structure:

3'. A process according to Claim 2 wherein R and R' are selected from the group of organic radicals consisting of v l m Q i@ Q A@ CH C 020K; om 55 In, ('IJHzTCHz-CIH CIHI-C :Bf-:CH3

CH: CH3

' @o aan@ -i (Where H1=F, C1, Br or I),

70 coton,

Hr l CH2- (Where n may be from 1 to 50) 4. Compositions according to Claim 1 wherein X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, quaternary ammonium radicals and metal radicals selected from the following groups of the Periodic Table; Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, lVb, Va, Vb, VIa.

5. Compositions according to Claim 1 wherein m is a positive integer from 1 to about 200, wherein n' is a positive integer from 2 to about 1000, and wherein 2m.+ni|1 is a positive integer from about 5 to about 1400, and wherein pis an integer from about 1 to about 1000.

6. Compositions according to Claim 1 wherein R is selected from the group of organic radicals shown in the following structures:

Polymerc:

Bicyclic:

QCQ 6 @en @4m-@15. @were COzCH C OzCH:

CHa

tltlltltlQe@ ne eee (S=Saturated) Alkyl *l @w114- i,

Polymeric:

H f CH2- (Where n may be from l to 50) @l @Sil Bicyclic:

12 and the substituted derivatives thereof which are substituded with radicals selected from the group consisting of NOZ Cla F1 Br Is CN CO2RH s O a -SR, NRZ, --CONR2), -SO3R", -SO2-, -SO-, phenyl, naphthyl, alkyl (1-40 carbon atoms), cyclohexyl, cyclopropyl,

It OCOR", NCOR" where R" may be lower alkyl or aryl monovalent radicals.

7. A composition according to Claim 1 wherein R contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and is selected from the group consisting of C2H4, -C3H6,

8. A process according to Claim 2 wherein X is selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium radicals and metal radicals selected from the following groups of the Periodic Table; Ia (except hydrogen), Ib, Ila, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va, Vb, VIa.

9. A process according to Claim 2 wherein m is a positive integer from 1 to about 200, wherein n is a positive integer from 2 to about 1000, and wherein 2ml|n+1 is a positive integer from about 5 to about 1400, and wherein p is a positive integer from l to about 1000.

10. A process according to Claim 2 wherein R is selected from the group of organic radicals shown in the following structures:

sees

(Where H1=F, C1, Br or I),

@--@sess @sesam 14 (S=Saturated) Alkyl:

and the substituted derivatives thereof which are substituted with radicals selected from the group consisting of NO2, Cl, F, Br, CN, CO2 COR", O -R, -SR, NRZ", -CONR2", --SO3R", -S02, -SO-, phenyl, napththyl, alkyl (1-40 carbon atoms), cyclohexyl, cyclopropyl,

i -0COR", -NC 0R" where R" is lower alkyl or aryl monovalent radicals.

11. A process according to Claim 2 where R contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and'is selected from the group consisting of C2H4, -C3He,

References Cited UNTED STATES PATENTS 3,573,259 3/ 1971 Argabright et al. 260-77.5 NC 3,517,002 6/'1970 Heiss 260-77.5 NC

M. J. WELSH, Primary Examiner U.S. C1. X.R. 260-248 NS UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE CERTIFICATE 0F CGRRECTION Patent; No. l 3,840,496 Dated october s, 1974 Inventor-(S) P. A. Argabright, et al It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

CO1. 2, Line 64: "l to 500" should read .2 to 50G-- Col. 3, Line 74: l'Cc" should read Cs Col. 6, Line 41: "(mersl)" should be deleted per 312 Amendment Col. A6, Line 65: Figure should be amended per 8/28/7'3 Amendment Col. v7, Line 16: (mers) should be deleted per 312 Amendment Col. 12, Line 4: CONR2) should read -CONR Col. 12, Llne 14: --CZH4 should read -C2H4- Col. 14, Line 46 After Br, insert -I,`

Col. 14, Llne 56: -CZH4 should read -C2H4- Elgned and ,Scaled this twttttttttt Day 0f January 1976 l [SEAL] Attest:

RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN ASIillg Offittf Commissioner ofPatents and Trademarks 

1. POLYMERIC COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING MIXTURES OF MOLECULES CONTAINING GROUPS HAVING THE STRUCTURE: 